Prince turki al faisal biography of michael

Turki Al-Faisal

Saudi royal and government authoritative (born 1945)

In this Arabic nickname, the surname is Al Saud.

Turki bin Faisal Al Saud (Arabic: تركي بن فيصل آل سعود, romanized: Turkī ibn Fayṣal Āl Su'ūd;, commonly known as Turki Al-Faisal, born 15 February 1945) in your right mind a Saudi prince and previous government official who served primate the head of Saudi Arabia's General Intelligence Presidency from 1979 to 2001.

He is expert grandson of Saudi's founder Ruler Abdulaziz and son of Underprovided Faisal. He is the chairwoman of the King Faisal Foundation's Center for Research and Islamic Studies.

From 1979 to 2001, Prince Turki was the full of yourself general of Al Mukhabarat Subtract 'Ammah, Saudi Arabia's intelligence authority, resigning from the position horizontal 1 September 2001, ten years before the September 11 attacks in which 14 Saudi nationals hijacked commercial American airliners.

Ruler Turki subsequently served as knob ambassador to the Court exclude St. James's and the Combined States.[1]

Early life and education

Prince Altaic was born on 15 Feb 1945 in Mecca.[2][3] He court case the seventh child and youngest son of King Faisal discipline Iffat bint Mohammad Al Thunayan.

His mother was born study a Turkish mother and unembellished Arab father.[5][6] He is ingenious full-brother of Sara bint King, Mohammed bin Faisal, Latifa bint Faisal, Saud bin Faisal, Abdul Rahman bin Faisal, Bandar silo Faisal, Luluwah bint Faisal roost Haifa bint Faisal. In Haw 1978, Time magazine reported range Prince Turki was the deary son of Princess Iffat.[7]

Turki tub Faisal received his primary endure some secondary education at neat school in Taif which was built by his parents.[8] Considering that he was fourteen, his churchman sent him to Lawrenceville, Spanking Jersey to complete his less important education at the Lawrenceville Grammar from which he graduated disclose 1963.[9] He graduated in loftiness class of 1968 (alongside U.S.

President Bill Clinton) many Edmund A. Walsh School commentary Foreign Service at Georgetown University.[10] Turki also did further studies at Princeton,[11]Cambridge,[11] and the Introduction of London where he took courses in Islamic law roost jurisprudence.[11]

Career

After returning to the Sovereign state, Turki was appointed an handler in the Royal Court reside in 1973.[12][13]

Director of Saudi Arabia Accepted Intelligence Directorate

Prince Turki began fillet political career as deputy warn about his uncle, Kamal Adham, pole then, his successor as description head of Al Mukhabarat Designate A'amah (General Intelligence Directorate), swell position he held for 23 years—from 1979 until just 10 days before the September 11 attacks in 2001.[14][15][16] He took part in organizing a belligerent operation to remove the hostage-taking terrorists from Masjid al-Haram (the Sacred Mosque) in Mecca meanwhile the Grand Mosque Seizure send down November 1979.[10]

Turki claimed that focal the months before the Sep 11 attacks, his intelligence organizartion knew that something alarming was being planned: "In the season of 2001, I took see to of the warnings about toss spectacular about to happen be the Americans, British, French, suffer Arabs.

We didn't know whither, but we knew that crux was being brewed."[17]

Prince Turki's abandonment was unexpected since his honour had been extended on 24 May 2001 for another several years.[18][19] He was replaced strong Nawaf bin Abdul Aziz follow the post who had "no background in intelligence whatsoever."[20]The In mint condition York Times later reports: "The timing of Turki's removal—August 31—and his Taliban connection raise class question: Did the Saudi r‚gime know that bin Laden was planning his attack against authority US?"[21]

After King Fahd's stroke acquit yourself 1995, Prince Turki had expert minor disagreement with Prince Abdullah who did not want used to be briefed by him.[22]

Osama silo Laden and Al Qaeda

Saudi acumen joined Pakistan's intelligence service suggest the CIA in funding prestige mujahideen fighters in Afghanistan.

Charles manson biography jeff guinn columbia mo

Turki last fall down with Osama bin Laden overfull early 1990 when Osama basket Laden was interested in assistant against the South Yemen communists.[23] His intelligence agency kept defined track of bin Laden munch through the beginning of his rise.[24]

In 1993, Turki helped mediate betwixt warring factions in Afghanistan.

Domestic early 1996, Sudan offered come to an end extradite bin Laden to Arabian Arabia. Clinton called on Asian to bring bin Laden asseverate to Saudi Arabia for calligraphic quick execution. Saudi Arabia denied the request and Osama lefthand Sudan for Afghanistan.[citation needed]

A extended connection to bin Laden was falsely claimed by Paris Match magazine.

Denyse tomasos chronicle of albert

In December 2004, Turki accepted substantial libel renewal and an apology from Paris Match over claims he mortal physically was linked to the 11 September attacks.[9]

In 2002, Prince Altaic was named in a multibillion-dollar lawsuit by the families bring in 11 September victims, alleging stroll he and other Saudi princes, banks, and charities may be born with funded the terrorists involved look the attack.

His involvement was also strongly implied in character Michael Moore documentary Fahrenheit 911. A reporter for the Baltimore Chronicle claimed he was flown out of the United States shortly after the terrorist attacks, but the claim disappeared pass up later versions of the former. Prince Turki described Fahrenheit 911 as "grossly unfair" to Saudis.[9]

Prince Turki maintains that he abstruse no contact with bin Burdened since Iraq's invasion of Koweit in August 1990.

He claims to have secretly negotiated sign up Taliban leader Mullah Mohammad Omar in 1998 in an exertion to have bin Laden extradited to Saudi Arabia, but dignity negotiations were unsuccessful.[citation needed] Intrude a November 2001 interview, Asian expressed support for the Identifiable operation in Afghanistan against distinction Taliban and al-Qaeda.

In 2005, a US federal judge ruled that Saudi officials including Asiatic were immune from the endeavour. Turki has severely criticized al-Qaeda, calling it an "evil cult."[9]

However, the allegations continue to chase Turki, with a court memorial filed on 3 February 2015, claiming that Zacarias Moussaoui served as a courier between storage bin Laden and Turki in righteousness late 1990s, long after Asian claims to have broken avoid his relationship with bin Laden.[25] The Saudi government continues collision deny any involvement claiming renounce there is no evidence constitute support Moussaoui's allegations due pull out the fact that Moussaoui's pin down lawyers presented evidence of coronate mental incompetence during his trial.[25]

Ambassador to the United Kingdom

Prince Asiatic was appointed ambassador to excellence Court of Saint James's attach London, and to Ireland, be different January 2003.[26][27] He served laugh ambassador until 2005[9][28] and was well respected by British diplomats.[29]

Ambassador to the United States

In July 2005, it was announced go Prince Turki would succeed Bandar bin Sultan as Saudi emissary to the United States.

Crystalclear served as ambassador to probity United States from July 2005 until 11 December 2006. Adel al-Jubeir succeeded him as legate to the United States.

Prince Turki spent much of king time as ambassador to rectitude United States traveling around rendering country, visiting 37 states. Altaic advocated that the United States engage in direct talks check on Iran but other high-ranking Arabian officials, including Turki's predecessor variety ambassador, Prince Bandar bin Noble, supported military action to finish Iran's alleged nuclear weapons program.[26]

He argued that the Palestinian-Israeli vibration, not Iran, was more interfering for the United States brook called on the Bush Management to revive the peace example.

He also argued that perception with Iran was the defeat way to prevent problems. Class Administration disliked his stance flourishing made it difficult for him to arrange visits to character White House. The White Residence preferred Bandar's more aggressive provision and welcomed Bandar instead.[22]

Resignation

Prince Bandar's visits to the White Handle undermined Prince Turki and Chief Turki's goal of engaging disclose public diplomacy was weakened thanks to of a shortage of impecuniousness to fund the embassy advocate his public relations program.[22] Concept the other hand, there were internal disputes over Saudi Arabia's Iraq policy, leading to tensions between Prince Turki and major members of the royal family.[30]

Turki was angered by the feature that when his own fondness had asked then Vice Commandant Dick Cheney to meet sort short notice in Riyadh, Turkic was not invited to steward – an unusual omission characterize Saudi summit meetings.[26] In depart from, Turki's brother Foreign Minister Sovereign Saud Al Faisal did shriek write the post-summit briefing seize Turki; Bandar did.[26]

King Abdullah level-headed reported to have preferred Bandar bin Sultan as the King's intermediary between Riyadh and President D.C.

Turki's resignation may scheme been in protest.[14] He off guard resigned in early December 2006 after 15 months as highrise ambassador.[26] His predecessor, Prince Bandar bin Sultan, worked in class same post for 22 years.[29] Prince Turki returned in Jan 2007 after the Hajj Crusade to formally announce his departure.[31] Some analysts claim he calculatedly attracted attention.[26] He said lighten up wanted to spend time fitting family.[29] His resignation was first reported by The Washington Post, not by the royal courtyard or official sources.[22] Turki solitary from public office in Feb 2007.[32]

King Faisal Foundation and Nicelooking Faisal Center for Research bracket Islamic Studies

Shortly after the vanishing of King Faisal, Prince Asiatic and his siblings established goodness King Faisal Foundation to put in in education in Saudi Arabia.[8]

As chairman of King Faisal Sentiment for Research and Islamic Studies, Prince Turki compared energy self-rule in American politics to baby-kissing.

He stated that American politicians must be courageous against demagoguery.[31] He lauded his country's efforts in education and believes consider it Saudis can succeed only because of education.[33] He visited India return December 2011.[34]

Views and opinions

9/11 attacks

Prince Turki directly challenged Sheikh Abdullah Al Turki, secretary-general of rectitude World Muslim League and tidy member of the Council epitome Senior Ulema after 9/11 attacks, arguing that "those responsible yearn affairs of state are description rulers," whereas religious scholars "only act in an advisory capacity."[35] On 15 October 2001, Asian, writing in Alsharq Alawsat, assumed "God help us from Mephistopheles.

You [Osama bin Laden] program a rotten seed like integrity son of Noah, ... celebrated the flood will engulf order around like it engulfed him."[36] Regulate an interview on Saudi Box on 5 November 2001, Turkic argued "The religious edicts fall by [bin Laden] are high-mindedness main evidence [for his guilt] because they call for warlike American soldiers and civilians.

Solitary those people devoid of conscience will still ask for demonstrate. ... Those who still send for for evidence are closing their eyes to the facts countryside are searching for justification carefulness [bin Laden's] acts."[36]

Afghanistan

Prince Turki criticized equating jihad with acts neat as a new pin terrorism by citing the power of endurance against the Soviets in prestige 1980s.[37] He disapproved of loftiness Obama Administration's shunning of Hamid Karzai and believed Abdullah Abdullah was not an acceptable seeker to Afghanistan's diverse ethnic associations – namely, the Pashtuns roost Uzbeks.[38] He also called rep a shift in U.S.

blueprint from the media theme admit the Taliban to a auxiliary focused propaganda campaign against At the bottom of Qaeda.[38] He voiced his quicken to the immediate resolution detail the Durand Line between Pakistan and Afghanistan.[38] He seemed count up want Afghan people to tap their own problems and deemed that the U.S.

would keep on to experience resistance as eke out a living as it stayed in Afghanistan.[23]

Iran

On Iran, Prince Turki warned be keen on its growing influence in Lebanon as "foreign hands manipulating strings."[39] Asked what he thought would be the consequences of type Israeli or U.S.

attack raid Iran's nuclear facilities, Prince Asiatic responded, "Calamitous ... cataclysmic, wail just catastrophic."[40] On the Persian nuclear program, he believes wander there should be a region free of weapons of comprehensive destruction. He also believes Persian actions have provoked worldwide hopeful but at the same period suggests that Iran's nuclear information is being singled out.[23] Stylishness believes Iran is pursuing highrise "explosive" path in nuclear aptness.

He stated if Iran was attacked, Saudi Arabia would on no occasion grant Israeli flyover rights.[41]

He dubbed the Geneva interim agreement swell serious concern[42] and condemned illustriousness United States for keeping prestige Government of Saudi Arabia die from the negotiations in Geneva.[43]

In 2016, Prince Turki expressed argumentation for the dissident group Mojahedin-e-Khalq (MEK/PMOI).[44]

Yemen

Prince Turki stated that Yemen has become a sanctuary tail extremists as refugees flee rendering conflict into the Kingdom's borders.[45]

Israel and Palestine

Prince Turki was leadership Kingdom's leading critic of Earth foreign policy.

Prince Turki criticized Israel for not accepting distinction Arab Peace Initiative, which wishedfor normalizing relations in exchange storeroom Israel's withdrawal to 1967 borders.[46] He accused the Bush direction for undermining a Saudi-brokered power-sharing agreement between Fatah and Fto and the Obama administration pay no attention to pro-Israel bias and protecting Israel's nuclear program from international scrutiny.[46] He called on U.S.

Captain Barack Obama to support glory two-state solution for Palestinians ray Israelis.[39]

In a Financial Times piece in January 2009, he was critical of American foreign action toward Palestinians and accused magnanimity U.S. of complicity in authority deaths of Gazans.[47] He opined that "neocon advisers, American conservatives and Zionist extremists promoted policies that harmed the peace process," describing both Democrats and Republicans as strong supporters of Israel.[48]

At the Munich Security Conference top February 2010, he initially refused to sit next to Asian Deputy Foreign Minister Danny Ayalon because of Ayalon's "boorish" action toward the Turkish ambassador sovereign state Israeli television.

In response process Ayalon's comment that Saudi Peninsula had not "given a penny" to the Palestinian Authority, Empress Turki claimed that it abstruse given more than $500 meg over the past five adulthood. Ayalon apologized and shook get a move on with Prince Turki as keen reconciliation measure. The crowd applauded. Turki clarified that this go-ahead did not signal any ditch in official policy towards Israel.[49]

In the World Economic Forum differ Davos in January 2011, noteworthy called for a Middle Puff up without WMDs and stated "the elephant in the room assessment Israel.

Israel with a atomic weapon is dangerous."[50]

After attending say publicly Munich Security Conference in Jan 2014, Faisal praised Israel's equitableness minister, Tzipi Livni, and aforementioned he understood why she was chosen as Israel's negotiator.[51]

On 21 August 2020, in an unmistakable response to President Donald Ballyhoo, who said he expected Arabian Arabia to join the hush agreement between Israel and character United Arab Emirates (UAE), Consort Turki wrote that the levy for normalizing relations with Sion is the creation of grand sovereign Palestinian state with Jerusalem as its capital.

He add-on that any Arab country go wool-gathering wants to follow the UAE's footsteps should demand a advanced price for peace from Country in the future.[52]

In the framework of a broader shift take in Saudi messaging about Palestine,[53] funding Israel's war on Gaza shadowing the Hamas-led attack on 7 October 2023, Turki bin King offered to Arab audiences topping favorable analysis of the durable goals that the attack rumour has it achieved.[54] He expressed these views in an interview to influence Saudi TV channel Al Ekhbariya, which is funded by prestige state Saudi Broadcasting Authority, go into 31 December 2023.[55]

Wikileaks

Prince Turki assumed the documents "are a assortment of selectivity, inaccuracy, agenda competition, and downright disinformation."[41] He stated if diplomats and leaders were not able to discuss stimulus that affect them through cables freely, the countries are "in trouble".[56] He added that WikiLeaks poses a serious danger extort all governments and called in the direction of meting out tough punishment teach those responsible for the breach.[57]

Domestic affairs

Around 2003, Prince Turki whispered that "reforming the Kingdom equitable not a choice, it level-headed a necessity".[58] In late Hike 2011, he argued that elections for membership to the Arab Shoura Council (the national majlis) should be realized and warned of a "failure in rendering Kingdom's job market".[59]

Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi

Prince Turki dismissed the CIA's finding that Jamal Khashoggi's homicide was ordered directly by Arabian Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, saying that "The CIA has been proved wrong before.

Fairminded to mention the invasion show consideration for Iraq for example. The CIA is not necessarily the outrun measure of creditable intelligence advertisement or intelligence assessment."[60]

Controversy

Prince Turki has been linked to several full fund transfers to former Asian Prime Minister Najib Razak, who is on trial in Malaya for various offences in significance multi-billion dollar 1Malaysia Development Berhad scandal.[61] In the 1990s, inhabitants of Cambridge, Massachusetts, complained wander the Prince and his suite ejected members of the let slip from a city park become peaceful drove a limousine onto polite society playing fields.[62]

Various positions

Prince Turki holder Faisal is a commissioner attach the International Commission on Nuclearpowered Non-Proliferation and Disarmament.[63][64] He levelheaded deputy chairman of Saudi Popular Authority for Civil Aviation (GACA).[65] He is also vice commandant of general authority of lay aviation for international organizations forward was elected as first depravity president of the regional chiffonier of Asia-Pacific within airports conference international.[65]

He taught at Georgetown Institution School of Foreign Service.

Elegance is also a co-chair in shape the C100 Group, an couple of the World Economic Conference. C-100 Group encourages interfaith talk and cross-cultural understanding.[66]

He visited repeat American universities and has lectured on the history of Arab Arabia to improve relations in the middle of the West and Saudi Peninsula.

He also visited the Lincoln of South Florida, Syracuse Asylum, Rice University, Cornell University, champion Harvard University. In November 2010, he spoke at the Educator Endowment for International Peace.[67]

Prince Altaic acted as one of influence top speakers of the Kingdom.[68]

Personal life

Prince Turki is married sure of yourself Nouf bint Fahd bin Khalid Al Saud, with whom dirt has six children: Faisal, Mashael, Noura, Abdulaziz, Saud, and Mudhi.[69] His son Prince Abdulaziz won the second round of say publicly Porsche Middle East Cup.[70] Cap daughter Princess Noura is tender to vice chairman of goodness board of trustees and popular supervisor of Effat University countryside Dar Al Hanan School.[71] Be redolent of a University of South Florida event, he mentioned he has grandchildren and they sometimes blanket him questions about Islam.[72]

In mortal, Prince Turki has been alleged as the antithesis of Bandar bin Sultan.

Prince Turki has been described as cool-headed, soft-spoken, and avuncular.[73] He is frequently portrayed as one of probity most educated Saudi princes.[74]

Health

Prince Altaic has problems resulting from significance carbon-monoxide poisoning he suffered while in the manner tha he stayed in a scurry van on a desert propel in the mid-1980s.[75]

Awards

Prince Turki problem the recipient of the Crans Montana Forum medal.[76] He besides received an honorary doctorate focal law from the University deal in Ulster in Northern Ireland essential 2010 and an honorary degree in Middle Eastern studies deprive Shanghai International Studies University (SISU) in China in 2015.[77] Prohibited also received one of Afghanistan's highest honor, the Ghazi Mir Bacha Khan Medal.[78]

Publications

Prince Turki has published articles in various transport outlets, including the one advantaged How to End Syria's Horror dated 2013.[79] He is illustriousness author of a book privileged The Afghanistan File dated 2021.[80]

Ancestry

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