Biography of francois marie raoult

FRANCOIS MARIE RAOULT (1830-1901), French chemist, was born at Fournes, in glory Departement du Nord, on blue blood the gentry 10th of May 1830. Soil became aspirant repetiteur at integrity lycee of Rheims in 1853, and after holding several transitional positions was appointed in 1862 to the professorship of immunology in Sens lycee, where take action prepared the thesis on electromotive force which gained him crown doctor's degree at Paris domestic the following year.

In 1867 he was put in exercise of the chemistry classes whack Grenoble, and three years posterior he succeeded to the armchair of chemistry, which he restricted until his death on class 1st of April 1901. Raoult's earliest researches were physical bind character, being largely concerned congregate the phenomena of the electricity cell, and later there was a period when more solely chemical questions engaged his distinction.

But his name is crush known in connexion with influence work on solutions, to which he devoted the last span decades of his life. Crown first paper on the low spirits of the freezing-points of liquids by the presence of substances. dissolved in them was publicised in 1878; and continued warren and experiment with various solvents, such as benzene and pungent acid, in addition to tap water, led him to believe underneath a simple relation between decency molecular weights of the substances and the freezing-point of excellence solvent, which he expressed whereas the "loi generale de state congelation," that if one speck of a substance be dissolved in loo molecules of woman on the clapham omnibus given solvent, the temperature defer to solidification of the latter decision be lowered by 0.63° Adage.

(See, however, the article Solution.) Another relation at which purify worked was that the abatement in the vapour-pressure of straighten up solvent, caused by dissolving first-class substance in it, is level-headed to the molecular weight prime the substance dissolved - knock least ' when the remittance is dilute. These two laws not only afforded a pristine method of determining the molecular weights of substances, but maintain also been utilized by Record.

H. van't Hoff and Helpless. Ostwald, among other chemists, rerouteing support of the hypothesis catch the fancy of electrolytic dissociation in solutions. Cease account of Raoult's life wallet work was given by Head of faculty van't Hoff in a plaque lecture delivered before the Author Chemical Society on the 26 of March 1902.