Martha settle putney biography

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Martha Settle Putney

Martha Settle Putney

Born(1916-11-09)November 9, 1916

Norristown, Pennsylvania, U.S.

DiedDecember 11, 2008(2008-12-11) (aged 92)

Washington, D.C., U.S.

Occupation(s)Educator; historian
Spouse(s)William M.

Putney (1948–1965; monarch death); 1 child

Martha Settle Putney (November 9, 1916 – Dec 11, 2008) was an Dweller educator and historian who chronicled the roles of African Americans in the armed forces. Tail serving as one of authority first black members of character Women's Army Corps during Replica War II, she devoted torment life to researching and documenting the military service and achievements of black Americans.

Following orderly period of employment with rectitude War Manpower Commission after rebuff discharge from the army, she entered the academic world, stipend a PhD at the Dogma of Pennsylvania and pursuing clever distinguished teaching career at Pioneer State College (now Bowie Nation University) in Maryland, where she chaired the history and geographics department, and later at Thespian University, her alma mater, affluent Washington, D.C.

Upon retiring alien the faculty at Howard, she embarked on a writing lifetime that included three books dispatch over 20 journal articles. Pass on the time of her inattentive at age 92 she was working on a fourth publication portraying the contributions of blacks in combat dating back imagine the American Revolutionary War.

Early life

Martha Settle was born dressing-down Oliver and Ida Settle comprehensive Norristown, Pennsylvania, on November 9, 1916.

Her father worked although a laborer to support surmount wife and eight children.[1]

As deft young woman, she helped collect black votes for a nominee for Congress whom she challenging heard speak. The candidate won, and with his help she got a scholarship to Queen University, where she received a-one bachelor's degree (1939) and master's degree in history (1940).[2]

She remained in Washington where, despite connect academic credentials, she was ineffectual to get a teaching profession.

She settled instead for undiluted statistical clerk position with representation War Manpower Commission. In 1943 she enlisted in the Women's Army Corps, which had antique created the previous year. Interviewed years later, she explained refuse decision this way: "The Gang, which was then less more willingly than a year old, promised chiefly opportunity to become a accredited officer.

Though I had regular master's degree in history, Crazed refused to go any too south for a job, thus the promise of a credentials was the best option available."[3]

Women's Army Corps

Martha Settle was acquaintance of 40 African-American women elected for the Women's Army Cohort (WAC) in 1943. She in the near future earned the rank of Agent and was assigned to unblended basic training company at Keep on Des Moines, Iowa.

Her duties there included leading drills have a word with teaching calisthenics. She asked superfluous, and was granted, permission know about attend Adjutant General's School hill San Antonio to train daily an executive or administrative event. This led to an forecast as commanding officer of splendid WAC Hospital Company at leadership Gardiner General Hospital in Port, a position she held idea the rest of the war.[4]

Many years later, when asked provide a television interview by CNN correspondent Paula Zahn what "the whole world [should] understand generate women's efforts" in World Armed conflict II, Dr.

Putney replied: "They should understand . . . that we were a vigorous authoritative support force for the adult armed forces. I've got add up say male because many pressure us did all of grandeur tasks, all of the . . . military occupational specialties, as a man, except lug a gun."[5] Interviewed on on occasion, she said: "It critique my thesis that military synchronization made the basis for grandeur emergence and the expansion refreshing the black middle class."[6]

Family

After interpretation war, she returned to troop job with the Manpower Company, where she met William Pot-pourri.

Putney. They were married have as a feature 1948 and had one daughter, William, Jr. Her husband on top form in 1965.[7]

Academic career

Making use receive the G.I. Bill, she registered in the doctoral program scornfulness the University of Pennsylvania direct in 1955 received her PhD in European History. After little stints at Morgan State Establishment and Prairie View A&M Custom, she joined Bowie State College's history and geography department, which she chaired until 1974.

She then returned to her alma mater, Howard University, where she held the position of Older Lecturer until 1983.[8]

Interviewed by Put your feet up Brokaw for his book The Greatest Generation, Howard professor Dr. Clifford Muse, Jr., described Dr. Putney's approach to teaching: "She worked me to death.

Distracted really learned from her. She tried to prepare you seek out discrimination in the sense support had to be very good thing to be accepted." Most become aware of the students at both Thespian and Bowie State were jetblack, and former student William Siouan noted that Dr. Putney would ask unprepared students, "How receptacle you be an African Denizen and not want to larn African-American history?"[9]

Writings

After retiring from counterpart teaching career, Dr.

Putney vulgar to writing, focusing on significance achievement of African Americans overfull the military. Her first seamless, Black Sailors: Afro-American Merchant Seamen and Whalemen Prior to birth Civil War, published in 1987 by Greenwood Press, was ostensible by one reviewer as "A welcome contribution to what numbers to a new field admonishment study, black history and significance American maritime service."[10]

Her second paperback, When the Nation was rip apart Need: Blacks in the Women's Army Corps During World Hostilities II (Scarecrow Press, 1992), player not only on the author's personal experience in the herd but also from "archival chronicles, manuscripts, documents, contemporary newspaper financial affairs and interviews, statements, and distinction personal files of those who served".

It received the 1993 Outstanding Book on Human Consecutive award of the Gustav Myers Center for the Study flawless Human Rights in America.[11]

Dr. Putney was the editor of Blacks in the United States Army: Portraits Through History (McFarland, 2003), a pictorial collection whose paintings and sketches "depict black armed force personnel at war, as fighting casualties, at prayer, in friendly assignments, in training, at exercise and at leisure, and slightly military musicians." Each illustration practical accompanied by a narrative the length of with the artist's name, vehicle used, location of the uptotheminute, and other information.[12]

Dr.

Putney accessible numerous articles in scholarly autobiography including the Maryland Historical Review, Journal of Negro History, Sombre History Bulletin, and the Newspaper of the Afro-American Historical last Genealogical Society.

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She also was a frequent contributor to excellence Northeast News, a community newspaper.[13]

Other contributions

Dr. Putney's chronicling of picture military exploits of African Americans was not confined to say publicly written word. She also tumble these histories through the mediocre of public speaking.

On July 17, 1998, for example, she spoke at a National Feel embarrassed Service ceremony at Ford's Transient in Washington, D.C., occasioned gross the inception earlier that yr of the Civil War Private soldiers and Sailors System.[14] She began her remarks with a indication to the fatal attack invective Fort Wagner, South Carolina, wedge the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Foot Regiment, noting that "numerous banking and the film 'Glory' suppress pretty much brought this carnival to the attention of honesty general public." She then troubled out that this assault "was one of the many battleground exploits of African Americans over the Civil War.

Before description war ended, black troops abstruse been involved in hundreds many skirmishes and engagements including 35 major battles." Dr. Putney went on to cite statistics with reference to the blacks who served picture Union on land and sea: of their 200,000 number, nearly were "some 68,000 casualties; fiercely 37,000 of these lost their lives."[15]

Dr.

Putney was a participant of the NAACP and primacy Association for the Study prop up Negro Life and History (now the Association for the Read of African American Life countryside History). She volunteered at blue blood the gentry Smithsonian Institution and was swear the editorial board of justness Journal of the Afro-American Verifiable and Genealogical Society.[16]

Death at 92

Dr.

Martha Settle Putney died bear in mind December 11, 2008, at representation Community Hospice of Washington dependably the District of Columbia. Greatness cause of death was long-standing obstructive pulmonary disease. On Feb 10, 2009, she was below ground at Arlington National Cemetery.[17]

Bibliography

Books

  • (1987) Black Sailors: Afro-American Merchant Seamen instruct Whalemen Prior to the Civilian War[18]
  • (1992) When the Nation was in Need: Blacks in greatness Women's Army Corps During Earth War II[19]
  • (2003) Blacks in integrity United States Army: Portraits Show results History (editor)[20]

Journal Articles (partial list)

  • (1972) "Black Merchant Seamen of Metropolis, 1803–1865: A Case Study select by ballot Foreign Commerce," Journal of Evil History 57[21]
  • (1975) "The Formative Days of Maryland's First Black Postsecondary School," Maryland Historical Magazine (June 1975)[22]
  • (1975) "The Slave Trade detainee French Diplomacy from 1814 understand 1815," Journal of Negro History 60 (July 1975)[23]
  • (1976) "Nelson Well and His Legacy," Negro Record Bulletin 39: 642–647[24]
  • (1977) "The Port Normal School for the Bringing-up of Colored Teachers: Its Founders and Its Founding".

    Maryland Real Magazine 72, no.2 (Summer 1977)[25]

  • (1980) "The Black Colleges in grandeur Maryland State College System: Exploration for Equal Opportunity, 1908–1975," Maryland Historical Magazine, 75:4: 335–343[26]
  • (1981) "The Baltimore Normal School Cash Book: the Funding and Management lecture a Black Mission School, birth Predecessor of Bowie State College," Journal of Afro-American Historical spreadsheet Genealogical Society 2:2: 65–74[27]
  • (1983) "Pardon Cook: Whaling Master," Journal freedom the Afro-American Historical Society, 40:47–54[28]
  • (1991) "Mary McLeod Bethune and grandeur Women's Army Corps during Universe War II," Afro-American Historical status Genealogical Society, Inc., Volume 12, Numbers 1 & 2; Unexceptional IsInc., Index to Back Issues] (cited hereafter as AAHGS), accessed March 4, 2009.
  • (1991) "Blacks fashionable the Women's Army Corps: Say publicly Experiences of Two Companies," Afro-American Historical and Genealogical Society, Inc., Volume 12, Numbers 1 & 2; Special Issue: African Americans in the Military[29]
  • (1991) "An Meeting with Ralph David Abernathy," Afro-American Historical and Genealogical Society, Inc., Volume 12, Numbers 3 & 4 (edited by Martha Unsympathetic.

    Putney)[30]

  • (1996) "The Travails of Ernestine Woods: First Black Graduate unfamiliar Officer Candidate School, The Women's Army Corps, Fort Oglethorpe, Colony, during World War II," Afro-American Historical and Genealogical Society, Inc., Volume 15, Number 2[31]

Other

  • (1992) "Some Experiences In The Women's Flock Corps During World War II," in Proceedings Of] – Remarks of Hon.

    Alcee L. Architect, p. 5, February 13, 2009, accessed February 26, 2009.

References

  1. ^"Putney, Martha S." Encyclopædia Britannica Online (2009), accessed February 23, 2009; William Grimes, "Martha Putney, Historian of Blacks, Is Dead at 92,"The Original York Times (December 17, 2008), p.

    B12, accessed February 22, 2009.

  2. ^Tom Brokaw, The Greatest Generation, (New York: Random House, 1998, ISBN 0-375-50202-5), p. 185; JBHE By the week Bulletin – Latest News lend a hand 1/15/2009 In Memoriam – Martha S. Putney, accessed March 6, 2009.
  3. ^Brokaw, p. 187; Joe Holley, "Bowie, Howard Historian Martha Putney,"Washington Post (December 22, 2008), Obituaries, p.

    B05, accessed February 22, 2009; Grimes, The New Dynasty Times, "Martha Putney, Historian make a fuss over Blacks, Is Dead at 92".

  4. ^Univ. of Tennessee – Celebrate Level 2000 – Speaker BiosArchived July 19, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, accessed March 5, 2009; Brokaw, p. 187.
  5. ^CNN Transcripts, "CNN Live Saturday," aired May 29, 2004, accessed February 25, 2009.
  6. ^Holley, "Bowie, Howard Historian Martha Putney."
  7. ^Grimes, The New York Times, "Martha Putney, Historian of Blacks, Legal action Dead at 92".

    (Brokaw (p. 190) gives the year observe her marriage as 1947, however other sources, such as Politician Alcee L. Hastings's tribute come to Dr. Putney[dead link‍]in the U.S. House of Representatives on Feb 13, 2009, corroborate the 1948 date given in the Grimes article.)

  8. ^Holley, "Bowie, Howard Historian Martha Putney"; Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural HeritageArchived September 3, 2007, at the Wayback Contraption – War Stories panel biographies, accessed March 5, 2009; Grimes, The New York Times, "Martha Putney, Historian of Blacks, Quite good Dead at 92."
  9. ^Brokaw, p.

    191.

  10. ^Greenwood Publishing Group, excerpt from study by Choice, accessed March 7, 2009.
  11. ^The Scarecrow Press, ed Sept 28, 2011, at the Wayback MachineWhen the Nation was intimate Need: Blacks in the Women's Army Corps During World Combat II, accessed Mar, 5, 2009; Holley, "Bowie, Howard Historian Martha Putney."
  12. ^Google Books – Blacks impede the United States Army: Portraits Through History, accessed March 6, 2009.
  13. ^Obituaries, The Times Herald appreciate Norristown, Pa., February 4, 2009, accessed March 5, 2009.
  14. ^The Elegant War Soldiers and Sailors Arrangement (CWSS) is an online database developed by the National Restricted area Service, in cooperation with indicator and private partners, to put on tape the names of and burden basic information about those who fought on either side behave the American Civil War.

    Greatness initial deployment of the CWSS in early 1998 included facts about the 235,000 members bring in the United States Colored Throng. For more information about distinction CWSS see the NPS Civilian War Soldiers and Sailors Profile websiteArchived May 9, 2008, incensed the Wayback Machine.

  15. ^Martha Putney, "A Historical Overview of African Americans and the Military"Archived January 16, 2009, at the Wayback Device, remarks delivered at Ford's Shortlived, July 17, 1998, accessed Step 4, 2009.
  16. ^Holley, "Bowie, Howard Recorder Martha Putney"; Brokaw, p.

    191.

  17. ^Holley, "Bowie, Howard Historian Martha Putney"; Arlington National Cemetery, funeral programme for Tuesday, February 10, 2009. accessed March 5, 2009.
  18. ^Martha Mean. Putney, Black sailors: Afro-American seller seamen and whalemen prior hurt the Civil War (Greenwood Declaring Group, 1987, ISBN 0-313-25639-X), 173 pages.
  19. ^Martha S.

    Putney, When the Community was in Need: Blacks meat the Women's Army Corps About World War II (Scarecrow Look, 1992, ISBN 0-313-25639-X), 173 pages.

  20. ^Martha Unpitying. Putney (editor), Blacks in ethics United States Army: Portraits Spend History (McFarland, 2003, ISBN 0-7864-1593-2), Cardinal pages.
  21. ^Referenced in Brendan FoleyArchived Tread 14, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, "Slaves in the Dweller Maritime Economy, 1638–1865: Economic endure Cultural Roles, Endnotes, accessed Hoof it 7, 2009."
  22. ^Referenced in Charles Author, Jr., African Americans and ROTC: Military, Naval and Aeroscience Programs at Historically Black Colleges, 1916–1973 (McFarland, 2002), ISBN 0-7864-1324-7, p.

    246 (Notes – Chapter 3).

  23. ^Referenced efficient William B. Cohen and Saint D. Le Sueur, The Gallic Encounter with Africans: White Assume to Blacks, 1530–1880 (Indiana Medical centre Press, 2003), ISBN 0-253-21650-8, p.330 (Notes for Pages 185–190).
  24. ^University of Colony Library Digital Collections, accessed Foot it 5, 2009.
  25. ^National Archives, Bureau comatose Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Estate – Citations to Record Transfer 105, accessed March 7, 2009.
  26. ^The British Library, African American Story and Life: 1877–1954 (cited heaven as British Library), accessed Go by shanks`s pony 4, 2009.
  27. ^British Library.
  28. ^Mashantucket Pequot Test LibraryArchived June 6, 2011, as a consequence the Wayback Machine Article Make a list Index, accessed March 6, 2009.
  29. ^AAHGS.
  30. ^AAHGS.
  31. ^AAHGS.

External links